Recent researches on durability assessment of wood products used in above-ground conditions

Comparative Durability of Untreated Wood in Use Above Ground

Cross-brace units constructed of 10 different. softwoods and nine different hardwoods were exposed on a test fence in Wisconsin for up to 22 years. Sapwood was included for all species and heartwood for some. The objective of this study was to determine the above-ground longevity of these woods against decay. The wood was classified into above-ground decay resistance groups. The longevity spans...

Durability of thermally modified Norway spruce and Scots pine in above ground conditions

One of the main objectives of thermal modification is to increase the biological durability of wood. In this study the fungal resistance of Norway spruce and Scots pine, thermally modified at 1958C and 2108C, was studied with a lap-joint field test. Untreated pine and spruce and pine impregnated with tributyl tin oxide (TBTO) and copper, chromium and arsenic (CCA) were selected as reference mat...

the effect of taftan pozzolan on the compressive strength of concrete in the environmental conditions of oman sea (chabahar port)

cement is an essential ingredient in the concrete buildings. for production of cement considerable amount of fossil fuel and electrical energy is consumed. on the other hand for generating one tone of portland cement, nearly one ton of carbon dioxide is released. it shows that 7 percent of the total released carbon dioxide in the world relates to the cement industry. considering ecological issu...

Recent German Researches on Malaria

The etiology of malaria is a study of paramount importance to the practitioner of tropical medicine. In different regions, the intensity of the poison may, to some degree, vary ; but in India, from Karachi to Sudia and Sirhind to Cape Comoriu, malaria is the cause of a greater total of sickness than perhaps all other diseases combined. Few of its inhabitants get through twelve months without au...

Recent Researches in Metallurgical